Carotid Artery Disease is a condition that affects the carotid arteries—the main blood vessels on either side of the neck that supply blood to the brain and head. When these arteries become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup (a condition known as atherosclerosis or athetosis), they can increase the risk of stroke or other serious health issues.
Globally, Carotid Artery Disease accounts for approximately 15–20% of ischemic strokes, with those affected facing a twofold to fourfold higher stroke risk than the general population.
About 5% of older adults, especially those over 65, have significant carotid artery narrowing, highlighting the need for early detection and management.
In this blog, we will explore the symptoms and early signs of Carotid Artery Disease, treatment options, and costs in India and hear from a patient who successfully managed their condition.
What are the Early Signs of Carotid Artery Disease?
Many people with Carotid Artery Disease do not experience noticeable symptoms in the early stages. Often called a “silent” condition, it progresses over time with obvious signs until severe serious complications. However, there are subtle signs that may indicate the presence of this disease, such as
- Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body
- Temporary vision loss in one eye (often called a “mini-stroke” or transient ischemic attack)
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
- Dizziness or balance issues
- Facial droop
- Sudden severe headache
- Tingling sensations on one side of body
“If you notice any of these signs, even temporarily, it’s critical to seek medical attention immediately,” emphasises Dr. Vikas Gupta, adding that timely intervention can significantly reduce stroke risk.
How is Carotid Artery Disease Diagnosed?
Diagnosis often begins with a physical examination and a review of your medical history. A doctor may listen for abnormal sounds in the carotid arteries (called br units), which could indicate blood flow issues. Common tests used to diagnose Carotid Artery Disease include
- Ultrasound: A non-invasive scan that assesses blood flow and plaque buildup
- CT Angiography: A detailed scan that shows the condition of blood vessels
- MRI/MRA Magnetic imaging to examine the brain and neck arteries
- Angiography: An imaging test that involves injecting dye to visualise blood vessels
These tests help determine the extent of blockage or narrowing and guide the appropriate treatment.
What Treatment Options Are Available for Carotid Artery Disease?
Carotid Artery Disease treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may benefit from lifestyle changes and medication, while more severe cases may require surgical intervention. Some common treatment options include
- Lifestyle Changes: Adopting a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise,e and quitting smoking
- Medications: Blood thinners and cholesterol-lowering drugs to reduce plaque buildup and prevent clots
- Carotid Endarterectomy: A surgical procedure where plaque is removed from the artery to restore blood flow
- Carotid Artery Stenting: Insertion of a small tube (stent) to keep the artery open and improve blood flow
One patient who underwent a carotid endarterectomy shared their experience:
“I was diagnosed with Carotid Artery Disease after noticing numbness in my arm and a strange sensation in my vision. My doctor recommended a carotid endarterectomy, and although I was nervous, the procedure went smoothly. After surgery and following my doctor’s advice on lifestyle changes, I feel healthier and have more energy. Knowing I reduced my stroke risk has given me peace of mind.”
Each treatment option aims to reduce stroke risk and improve quality of life. Consulting with a vascular specialist can help you decide on the best course of action.
How Much Does Carotid Artery Disease Treatment Cost in India?
The cost of treating Carotid Artery Disease in India varies depending on the treatment,t type, the hospital and the specific location. Non-surgical treatments like medication may cost between INR 1000 to INR 5000 per month. For surgical interventions
- Carotid Endarterectomy: Approximately INR 1.5 to 3 lakhs (USD 1,800 to USD 3,600)
- Carotid Artery Stenting: Ranges from INR 2 to 4 lakhs (USD 2,400 to USD 4,800)
Costs may also depend on factors such as hospital facilities, pre-operative tests and post-operative care.
What is a Patient’s Experience with Carotid Artery Disease?
Patient Testimonial: “I was diagnosed with Carotid Artery Disease after noticing numbness in my arm and a strange sensation in my vision. My doctor recommended a carotid endarte ectomy, and although I was nervous, the procedure went smoothly. After surgery and following my doctor’s advice on lifestyle changes, I feel healthier and have more energy. Knowing I reduced my stroke risk has given me peace of mind.”
Can Carotid Artery Disease Be Prevented?
While some risk factors for Carotid Artery disease, like age and family history, cannot be controlled, there are several lifestyle changes that can help prevent it. Eating a balanced diet low in saturated fats, maintaining a healthy weight, and exercising regularly can reduce the likelihood of artery blockage. Monitoring and managing blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels also play a vital role in prevention.
Conclusion
Understanding Carotid Artery Disease and taking proactive steps towards diagnosis and treatment can make a life-changing difference. From early recognition of symptoms to making informed decisions about treatment, individuals can effectively manage this condition and lead healthier lives.
FAQs
1. How can I clear my carotid artery without surgery?
Lifestyle changes and medications like statins and blood thinners can help reduce plaque buildup.
2. How is carotid artery stenosis diagnosed?
It is diagnosed using imaging tests like ultrasound, CT angiography, or MRI.
3. What is the gold standard for diagnosing carotid stenosis?
Catheter-based angiography is considered the gold standard for accurate diagnosis.
4. Does MRI show carotid artery stenosis?
Yes, MRI or MRA can effectively visualise carotid artery narrowing and blockages.
5. How can I check my carotid artery at home?
You cannot reliably check it at home; professional medical evaluation is essential.
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