Aneurysms are a pervasive and potentially life-threatening vascular condition that affects a broad spectrum of individuals worldwide. Global statistics shed light on the widespread nature of this condition, underlining the urgency of understanding and addressing it.

The prevalence of aneurysms is a significant concern, with an estimated 200,000 cases reported each year in the United States alone. What makes aneurysms particularly insidious is their silent nature; they often develop without noticeable symptoms until they reach a critical stage.

The stakes are high at that point, and a rupture can lead to dire consequences. The fatality rate for aortic aneurysm ruptures, for instance, is approximately 50%.

These statistics emphasise the importance of early detection, proactive healthcare, and access to suitable treatments to mitigate the risks associated with aneurysms. Thus, finding the proper treatment is crucial. One innovative approach that has gained recognition is percutaneous coiling.

In this blog, we will explore percutaneous coiling as an aneurysm treatment option and help you understand if it is the right choice for your vascular health.

What is an Aneurysm?

An aneurysm is a medical condition characterised by a localised, abnormal bulge or ballooning in a blood vessel, typically an artery. This occurs when the arterial wall weakens, making it susceptible to blood flow pressure.

Aneurysms can develop for various reasons, including high blood pressure, atherosclerosis (the buildup of fatty deposits in arteries), genetic predisposition, trauma, or infections. Notably, aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a critical stage.

If an aneurysm ruptures, it can lead to severe internal bleeding and life-threatening complications. Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial in managing this potentially dangerous vascular condition.

What is the Cause of an Aneurysm?

The following factors cause aneurysms:

a) Weakened Arterial Walls: A primary cause is the weakening of arterial walls, which can occur due to genetic factors, infections, or inflammation.
b) Atherosclerosis: The buildup of fatty deposits in arteries, known as atherosclerosis, can lead to arterial wall damage and aneurysm development.
c) High Blood Pressure: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, puts excessive stress on arterial walls, making them susceptible to aneurysm formation.
d) Trauma or Injury: Physical trauma, such as a severe blow or injury, can damage blood vessels and trigger aneurysms.
e) Genetic Predisposition: A family history of aneurysms can increase the risk of developing one.
Infections: Infections in the arterial walls can weaken them and lead to aneurysms.

Understanding these causes is crucial in preventing and managing aneurysms.

What Is Percutaneous Coiling?

Percutaneous or endovascular coiling is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat aneurysms. Unlike traditional open surgery, this method doesn’t require large incisions or extensive recovery periods. Instead, it relies on advanced medical imaging and catheter-based techniques to treat aneurysms from within the blood vessels.

Is Percutaneous Coiling Right for You?

The suitability of percutaneous coiling as a treatment option depends on several factors. Let’s examine whether it could be the right choice for you:

• Aneurysm Size and Location: The size and location of the aneurysm play a critical role in determining if percutaneous coiling is suitable. Small to medium-sized aneurysms are often good candidates, particularly those in inaccessible areas.
• Patient’s Health: Your overall health and medical history will be considered. Patients who are not fit for open surgery due to age, other medical conditions, or a higher risk of complications can benefit from percutaneous coiling.
• Aneurysm Type: The type of aneurysm matters. Saccular aneurysms with a well-defined neck are typically more amenable to coiling.
• Aneurysm Rupture Risk: Assessing an aneurysm’s rupture risk is crucial. High-risk aneurysms or those that have already ruptured may require alternative treatment approaches.

Dr. Vikas Gupta says that determining whether percutaneous coiling is the right choice for an individual requires a comprehensive evaluation. He highlights the importance of considering the aneurysm’s type, size, and location, as well as the patient’s overall health. Dr. Gupta underscores that percutaneous coiling is often suitable for small to medium-sized aneurysms, particularly in inaccessible areas.

Dr. Gupta adds, “For patients who may not be ideal candidates for open surgery due to factors like age or additional medical conditions, percutaneous coiling can be a beneficial and less invasive alternative.” He asserts that the decision should prioritise the individual’s well-being, ensuring the best outcome for their vascular health.

What are the Benefits of Percutaneous Coiling?

Now, let’s explore the advantages of percutaneous coiling as an aneurysm treatment:

• Minimally invasive: Percutaneous coiling is a minimally invasive procedure that results in smaller incisions, less pain, and a shorter recovery period than open surgery.
• Preservation of Blood Flow: Coiling helps to redirect blood flow away from the aneurysm, reducing the risk of rupture.
• Lower Risk of Complications: This approach generally has a lower risk of complications, making it a viable option for patients who may not be suitable candidates for open surgery.
• Effective Aneurysm Occlusion: Coiling effectively closes off the aneurysm, preventing blood flow into the weakened area.
• Shorter Hospital Stay: Most patients can leave the hospital within a few days after the procedure.

A happy patient of Dr Vikas shared, “I had a complex aneurysm that required careful consideration for treatment. Dr. Gupta explained the options clearly, and we decided on percutaneous coiling. The procedure went smoothly, and I’m returning to my normal activities. I highly recommend Dr. Gupta and this treatment approach to anyone facing a similar situation.”

How much does Percutaneous Coiling cost?

On average, the cost of percutaneous coiling for treating brain aneurysms ranges from ₹1,00,000 to ₹5,00,000 (approximately $1,350 to $6,750) in India. However, the cost can vary depending on the hospital, location, the complexity of the procedure, the patient’s medical condition, the need for specialised equipment or medication, and any post-operative care required.

Thus, patients should consult with healthcare providers or hospitals to get an accurate estimate based on their circumstances.

Conclusion

Thus, Aneurysms are a global health concern, and finding the proper treatment is essential. Percutaneous coiling offers a minimally invasive approach to aneurysm treatment with numerous benefits, especially for suitable candidates. However, it’s necessary to consult with a vascular specialist to determine if percutaneous coiling is the right choice for your specific case.

FAQs

1. How soon can I resume normal activities after percutaneous coiling?

Most patients can return to light activities within a few days, but strenuous activities should be avoided for at least a few weeks as advised by the doctor.

2. Will I need follow-up treatments after percutaneous coiling?

Regular follow-up imaging (such as MRI or angiography) is required to ensure the aneurysm remains sealed and to check for any recurrence.

3. Can percutaneous coiling be performed on all types of aneurysms?

No, it is most effective for saccular aneurysms with a well-defined neck. Some aneurysms, especially large or complex ones, may require alternative treatments.

4. Is general anesthesia required for percutaneous coiling?

Yes, in most cases, the procedure is performed under general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and precision during treatment.

5. Can aneurysms come back after coiling?

In some cases, aneurysms may recur or partially reopen over time. This is why routine follow-ups with a specialist are crucial.

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